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Orania is an Afrikaner-only South African town located along the Orange River in the arid Karoo region of Northern Cape province. The town is split in two halves by the R369 road, and lies halfway between Cape Town and Pretoria. The aim of the town is to create a stronghold for Afrikaans and the Afrikaner identity by keeping their language and culture alive. Anyone who defines themselves as an Afrikaner and identifies with Afrikaner ethnicity is welcome in Orania.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=DVD )〕 Critics accuse the town authorities of rejecting the Rainbow Nation concept, and trying to recreate pre-democratic South Africa within an enclave, while residents contend that they are motivated by the desire to preserve their linguistic and cultural heritage and protect themselves from high crime levels,〔 and that they are seeking the right to self-determination as provided by the Constitution of South Africa.〔 The town's relations with the South African government are non-confrontational, and although opposed to aspirations of the community,〔 the government has recognized them as legitimate.〔 The small community has a radio station and its own currency, the Ora.〔 The population was 1,085 at the time of a local census in 2014,〔 and was reportedly growing steadily at the time.〔 More than 100 businesses are located in Orania as of 2013. Owing to its unusual nature, the town is often visited by journalists and documentary-makers. ==Purpose== According to its founders, the purpose of Orania is to create a town where the preservation of Afrikanerdom's cultural heritage is strictly observed and Afrikaner ''selfwerksaamheid'' ("self reliance") is an actual practice, not just an idea. All jobs, from management to manual labour, are filled by Afrikaners only; non-Afrikaner workers are not permitted unless they have skills no resident has. "We do not want to be governed by people who are not Afrikaners", said Potgieter, the previous chairman. "Our culture is being oppressed and our children are being brainwashed to speak English". The town's ultimate objective is to create an Afrikaner majority in the northwestern Cape, by encouraging the construction of other such towns, with the eventual goal of an Afrikaner majority in the area and an independent Afrikaner state between Orania and the west coast, also known as a volkstaat.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Orania - Home of the Afrikaner )〕 Carel Boshoff, the founding father of Orania, had originally envisaged a population of 60,000 after 15 years. While he conceded that most Afrikaners might decide not to move to the volkstaat, he thought that it is nevertheless essential Afrikaners have this option, since this will make them feel more secure, thereby reducing tensions in the rest of South Africa. In this regard he considered it as being analogous with Israel, which serves as a refuge for Jews from all over the world. Newcomers often say their decision to move to Orania was motivated by a desire to escape the violent crime prevalent in the rest of the country, and many had been previously victims of crimes,〔 while Orania residents claim the town is a secure environment and they have no need to lock their house doors.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Orania, Northern Cape」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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